The Natufian culture was discovered by British archaeologist Dorothy Garrod during her excavations of Shuqba Cave in the Judaean Mountains of Mandatory Palestine in the Cisjordan, now the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate of Palestine.[9][10] Before the 1930s, the majority of archaeological work taking place in Palestine was biblical archaeology focused on historic periods, and little was known about the region's prehistory.
In 1928, Garrod was invited by the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem (BSAJ, now the Kenyon Institute) to excavate Shuqba Cave, where prehistoric stone tools had been discovered by Père Mallon four years earlier. She found a layer sandwiched between the Upper Paleolithic and Bronze Age deposits characterised by the presence of microliths. She identified this with the Mesolithic, a transitional period between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic well-represented in Europe but which had not yet been found in West Asia. A year later, when she discovered similar material at el Wad (now in the Nahal Me'arot Nature Reserve), Garrod suggested the name "the Natufian culture" after the Wadi Natuf, which runs close to Shuqba.
Over the next two decades, Garrod found Natufian material at several of her pioneering excavations in the Mount Carmel region, including el-Wad, Kebara and Tabun, as did the French archaeologist René Neuville, firmly establishing the Natufian culture in the regional prehistoric chronology. As early as 1931, both Garrod and Neuville drew attention to the presence of stone sickles in Natufian assemblages and the possibility that this represented a very early agriculture.[10]
Radiocarbon dating places the Natufian culture at an epoch from the terminal Pleistocene to the very beginning of the Holocene, a time period between 12,500 and 9,500 BC.[12]
The period is commonly split into two subperiods: Early Natufian (12,000–10,800 BC) and Late Natufian (10,800–9,500 BC). The Late Natufian most likely occurred in tandem with the Younger Dryas (10,800 to 9,500 BC). The Levant hosts more than a hundred kinds of cereals, fruits, nuts, and other edible parts of plants, and the flora of the Levant during the Natufian period was not the dry, barren, and thorny landscape of today, but rather woodland.[9]
In 2008, the 12,400–12,000 cal BC grave of an apparently significant Natufian female was discovered in a ceremonial pit in the Hilazon Tachtit cave in northern Israel.[35] Media reports referred to this person as a "shaman".[36] The burial contained the remains of at least three aurochs and 86 tortoises, all of which are thought to have been brought to the site during a funeral feast. The body was surrounded by tortoise shells, the pelvis of a leopard, forearm of a boar, a wingtip of a golden eagle, and skull of a beech marten.[37][38]
And this considers the play of a checkered floor, a colonial gridding of sorts, of which the irrational play can setup the divide, of which the poor dears are all caught up. Palestine-Israel, Ukraine-Russia, there are some divides, and it all can be planned beforehand, including the people, these communities, who will be caught up among these misfortunate events of war. Communal lands. Considering Volga Germans among the between. The communities tied together among the divide. Ukrainians loving Russians. Russians looving Ukrainians. Palestinians loving Israelies. Israelies loving Palestinians. Family ties, complexities of layering, despite the presentations of, TONIGHT, LIVE FROM THE TELEVISION SCREEN, you are to be informed, self-realized, following in such a mind fucked way. The israelies are at odds with the palestinians. The palestinians at odds with the israelies. The Ukrainians at odds with Russians, and Russians at odds with the Ukrainians. Nothing in-between, just a divide and these poor dears all caught up, shhh, that is to remain among the silence underlying this informative presentation just for you, of seeing is believing therefore the air we breathe does not exist, of understanding the logic among this illogical construct. This just in. Live.
